The Truth About Period Pain & When to Seek Help

Author: Egbodo Peter

Menstrual pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, is a common experience for many women. While mild cramps are considered normal, intense or debilitating pain is not something to ignore. Unfortunately, many myths surround period pain, often leaving women to suffer in silence without seeking proper medical attention. 

In this article, we’ll separate fact from fiction, explore the real causes of period pain, and discuss when it’s time to seek medical help. 

Understanding Period Pain: What’s Normal & What’s Not 

Read More: Understanding The Menstrual Cycle.

What Causes Menstrual Cramps? 

Menstrual cramps occur when the uterus contracts to shed its lining. These contractions are triggered by hormone-like substances called prostaglandins. Higher levels of prostaglandins lead to stronger contractions, which can cause more pain. 

There are two types of dysmenorrhea: 

• Primary Dysmenorrhea: This is the common type of period pain that starts in adolescence and is not linked to an underlying medical condition. The pain usually subsides with age or after childbirth.

• Secondary Dysmenorrhea: This is caused by underlying reproductive health conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids, adenomyosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The pain often worsens over time and may not improve with common pain relievers.

Debunking Common Myths About Period Pain 

“Period pain is normal, and you should just endure it.” 

Mild cramps are common, but severe pain that disrupts daily life is NOT normal. If you struggle to work, attend school, or carry out normal activities due to period pain, it’s time to see a doctor. 

“Giving birth will cure painful periods.” 

While some women experience relief after childbirth, this is not a guaranteed solution, especially if an underlying condition like endometriosis is present. 

“Only weak women complain about period pain.” 

Period pain is a medical issue, not a matter of strength. Severe pain should never be dismissed or downplayed. 

“Painkillers are the only solution.” 

 While painkillers like ibuprofen help reduce cramps by lowering prostaglandin levels, there are many other treatment options, including hormonal therapy, dietary changes, and medical procedures for underlying conditions. 

When to Seek Medical Help for Period Pain 

You should see a doctor if you experience: 

✔ Severe pain that prevents you from doing daily activities 

✔ Pain that lasts beyond the first two days of your period 

✔ Heavy bleeding (soaking through a pad/tampon every 1–2 hours) 

✔ Pain during sex 

✔ Pain that worsens over time rather than improving 

✔ Irregular cycles or spotting between periods 

✔ Pain that does not improve with over-the-counter medication 

Ignoring these symptoms could delay diagnosis and treatment of serious reproductive health conditions. 

Possible Medical Causes of Severe Period Pain 

If period pain is severe or getting worse over time, an underlying health condition may be the cause. Some possibilities include: 

1. Endometriosis 

A condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, leading to extreme pain, heavy periods, and fertility issues. 

2. Uterine Fibroids 

Non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause intense cramping, heavy bleeding, and prolonged periods. 

3. Adenomyosis 

A condition where the uterine lining grows into the muscular wall of the uterus, leading to severe pain and heavy bleeding. 

4. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) 

An infection of the reproductive organs, often caused by untreated STIs, which can lead to chronic pelvic pain. 

5. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) 

Although PCOS is more associated with irregular cycles, some women experience painful periods due to hormonal imbalances and cyst formation. 

Treatment Options for Period Pain 

If period pain is interfering with your life, there are effective treatment options: 

1. Pain Relief Medications 

• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil, Nurofen) or naproxen help reduce pain and inflammation.

• If over-the-counter painkillers don’t work, your doctor may prescribe stronger medication.

2. Hormonal Therapy 

• Birth control pills, patches, or IUDs can regulate hormones and reduce period pain.

• Progestin-only methods like the implant or hormonal IUD help thin the uterine lining, leading to lighter and less painful periods.

3. Lifestyle Changes 

• Exercise: Regular physical activity releases endorphins, which help relieve pain.

• Diet: Reducing caffeine, sugar, and processed foods may lower inflammation and discomfort.

• Hydration: Drinking plenty of water helps prevent bloating and cramping.

4. Medical Procedures 

• If fibroids, endometriosis, or other conditions are causing severe pain, surgical treatment may be recommended.

• Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgery used to diagnose and remove endometrial tissue.

• Myomectomy is performed to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus.

Read More: 13 Immediate Ways to Stop and Reduce Period Pain

Final Thoughts: Listen to Your Body 

Period pain should never be dismissed as “just part of being a woman.” If your cramps are severe, persistent, or getting worse over time, seek medical attention. There are many effective treatments available to help you live a pain-free life. 

If you found this article helpful, share it to raise awareness—too many women suffer in silence when they don’t have to.